Blood tests are a vital tool that doctors use to detect and diagnose a wide range of conditions. From evaluating organ function to monitoring cholesterol levels, these tests give doctors valuable information about a patient’s health. However, the question remains, how often should you have your blood checked? In this post, we will explore the benefits of regular blood testing for prevention versus disease-tracking.
Prevention versus Disease Management
Prevention is the key to good health. Some blood tests can detect early warning signs of diseases like cancer, heart disease, and diabetes, allowing for immediate treatment. For instance, a fasting blood sugar test can detect early stages of diabetes, allowing for lifestyle modification, and dietary change. Likewise, a lipid panel test can detect high cholesterol levels, and routine screenings could help reduce risks related to cardiovascular disease.
CEA
Preventative blood tests are especially important for individuals with a family history of certain conditions. For example, if your family has a history of colon cancer carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) can be a useful screening tool for colorectal cancer. CEA is a protein that is often found in higher quantities in those with this type of cancer. Regular CEA testing can help detect the disease at an early stage, making treatment more effective and increasing the chances of survival.
PSA
Similarly, some experts recommend regular prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood tests starting at age 40, especially for men who have a family history of prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men as early as 40 years of age could potentially help identify those at risk of developing prostate cancer. Men aged 40-49 years with a baseline PSA level above 1.0 ng/mL have been found to have a significant risk of prostate cancer diagnosis, suggesting the need for more regular monitoring.
Hormones
Hormone screening, particularly of sex hormones such as testosterone in men, and estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in women, is a critical aspect of healthcare that can provide valuable insights into an individual’s overall health. Starting these screenings as early as in your 20s can help detect hormonal imbalances that could potentially lead to conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women or low testosterone levels in men. Early detection can enable timely intervention, possibly preventing future health issues such as infertility, osteoporosis, heart disease, or certain types of cancer. Regular hormone screenings can help maintain hormonal balance, which is vital for physical wellbeing, mental health, and sexual health. Consequently, it can dramatically improve the quality of life by ensuring optimal hormonal health throughout one’s lifetime.
Routine Blood Work
Routine blood tests are a vital tool in maintaining optimum health, as they can detect deficiencies or imbalances that could potentially lead to health problems. Key markers such as Vitamin D and B12 levels are essential for bone health and nerve function respectively. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is crucial for regulating your body’s metabolism while C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an indicator of inflammation in the body. Liver enzymes, ferritin, and creatinine levels help monitor liver function, iron storage, and kidney function respectively.
Abnormalities in these markers can result in symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, digestive issues, mood changes, and more. Lifestyle factors including diet, physical activity, stress, and substance use can significantly affect these markers. Yearly blood tests can help identify these abnormalities early, allowing for timely intervention.
On the other hand, some diseases require more frequent monitoring and blood testing. For example, individuals with diabetes may need regular blood tests to monitor their glucose levels. Cancer patients, too, may require regular blood tests to monitor disease progression, or to check if cancer has returned even after treatment.
Conclusion:
Keeping track of your health status through blood tests is important for catching early warning signs of disease, but it also involves analyzing disease progress, response to treatment, and overall health. Ultimately, the frequency of blood tests depends on a patient’s risk profile, family history, age, and overall health status. I generally recommend yearly healthy living assessment panels for prevention and more specific testing on a more frequent basis for disease management. It is important to discuss with your doctor to determine a testing plan specific to your needs. In that way, you can ensure optimal health and well-being for a long time.
If you’ve ever experienced a sports injury, car accident, or slip and fall, you know the pain and frustration it can cause. It can take weeks, months, or even years to fully recover from an injury, and sometimes traditional methods such as rest, ice, and medication are not enough. Fortunately, technology has evolved, and there are new treatments available to help accelerate the healing process. One of those treatments is laser therapy. If you’ve ever wondered how laser therapy works for injury recovery, then you’re in the right place. In this blog post, we’ll explore what laser therapy is, how it works, and its benefits.
What is Laser Therapy?
Laser therapy, also known as low-level laser therapy, cold laser, or photobiomodulation therapy, is a non-invasive treatment that uses light energy to stimulate the body’s natural healing process. The therapy involves the use of a low-level laser, which emits light at a specific wavelength that penetrates the skin and targets the affected area. Unlike conventional lasers used in surgery or cosmetic treatments, low-level lasers do not produce heat, so they’re safe and painless.
How does Laser Therapy Work?
Laser therapy works by stimulating the body’s cells to produce more energy. When the light energy from the laser penetrates the skin, it’s absorbed by the cells and converted into cellular energy. This energy is used to repair damaged tissues, reduce inflammation, and alleviate pain. The light energy also activates the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a molecule that’s essential for cellular function. When cells have more ATP, they’re better equipped to carry out their functions and repair damaged tissues.
Benefits of Laser Therapy for Injury Recovery
Laser therapy has a multitude of benefits for injury recovery. The therapy helps to reduce inflammation, which is a common cause of pain and stiffness. By reducing inflammation, laser therapy can improve range of motion, decrease pain, and enhance overall mobility. Additionally, laser therapy stimulates the production of collagen, a protein that’s essential for tissue repair. By increasing collagen production, laser therapy can help speed up the healing process and improve tissue health.
Another benefit of laser therapy is the absence of side effects. Unlike medication or surgery, there are no adverse side effects associated with laser therapy. It’s safe, painless, and non-invasive. Moreover, the treatment is quick and easy, with most sessions lasting between 5-15 minutes. Patients can resume their normal activities immediately after treatment.
Research on Laser for Sport Injury Recovery
Laser therapy has shown considerable promise in treating sports injuries. A study from the International Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine found that Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) was 65.9% effective in treating all sports injuries.
A SPIE Digital Library publication emphasized the effectiveness of Low-Intensity Laser Therapy in treating various musculoskeletal pathologies. Similarly, research from the Journal of Laser Applications suggested that athletes with sports-related injuries returned to their sports faster after treatment with low-energy lasers.
A triple-blind, sham-controlled study found that LLLT facilitated superficial wound healing, although results varied concerning its effectiveness in treating pain and restoring function in musculoskeletal injury or disease. A study on tendinopathy published on the Liebert Pub website reported benefits from low power laser sources in treating tendon and sports injuries.
Overall, these studies suggest that laser therapy, particularly LLLT, can be an effective treatment for sports injuries.
I Have found LLLT to be very effective in treating arthritis, tendonitis and other related injuries in as little as 5 treatments.
Research on Laser for Neurological Injury
A study published on the Wiley Online Library revealed that different wavelengths of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) could affect functional recovery in injured peripheral nerves and traumatic brain injury in mice. Another study showed that laser therapy had a positive influence on nerve regeneration, specifically the sciatic nerve in rats after injury.
Research published on Springer highlighted the efficacy of LLLT on neurosensory recovery after damage to the inferior alveolar nerve. Another research paper indicated the positive impact of low-intensity laser therapy on recovery following traumatic spinal cord injury. A Plos One journal article also corroborated these findings, suggesting that transcranial LLLT improved neurological performance in traumatic brain injury in mice.
Further studies have shown positive effects of LLLT on neuromuscular recovery after crush injury in rat sciatic nerve, neuropathic pain relief and function recovery in rats with chronic constriction injury, and skeletal muscle repair.
How to Get Laser Therapy for Injury Recovery
If you’re interested in laser therapy for injury recovery, the first step is to consult with a healthcare professional. A licensed and qualified practitioner can assess your condition and determine if laser therapy is the right option for you. The practitioner will also determine the optimal number of treatments necessary for your condition. Treatments are typically administered in a clinical setting by a qualified professional. The number of sessions can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the desired outcome.
Conclusion
Injury recovery can be a long and challenging process. Laser therapy can help make it faster, easier, and less painful. The therapy works by stimulating the body’s natural healing process, reducing inflammation, and promoting tissue repair. Benefits of laser therapy include pain relief, improved mobility, and faster recovery time. The therapy is safe, non-invasive, and has no side effects. If you’re interested in laser therapy for injury recovery, consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it’s the right option for you. Learn more about laser therapy for chronic pain HERE
Anxiety is something that affects millions of people around the world. Whether it’s due to work stress, financial troubles, or personal issues, anxiety can be debilitating and frustrating. Over the years, people have tried various methods to alleviate anxiety symptoms, ranging from medication to therapy to lifestyle changes. However, in recent years, a new option has emerged: CBD.
CBD (short for cannabidiol) is a compound found in cannabis plants. Unlike THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), another well-known compound found in cannabis, CBD does not have psychoactive effects, meaning it won’t make you feel “high.” Instead, CBD has been shown to have potential benefits for a variety of health conditions, including anxiety.
In this blog post, we’ll review the research conducted over the past decade on CBD and its effectiveness in treating anxiety. Whether you’re dealing with anxiety yourself or you know someone who is, we hope this post will be informative and helpful.
What is anxiety, and how is it currently treated?
Anxiety is a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome. It’s a normal emotion that everyone experiences from time to time, but when it becomes chronic or interferes with daily life, it can be a problem. Anxiety disorders are some of the most common mental health disorders, affecting approximately 40 million adults in the United States alone.
Currently, anxiety is usually treated with medication, therapy, or a combination of both. Medications like benzodiazepines (Xanax, Valium) and SSRIs (Prozac, Zoloft) can help reduce anxiety symptoms, but they also come with potential side effects and risks. Therapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help people develop coping strategies and improve their overall mental health.
What does the research say about CBD and anxiety?
Over the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted on the potential benefits of CBD for anxiety. Most of these studies have been done on animals or small human populations, so more research is needed to fully understand CBD’s effects. However, there is evidence to suggest that CBD may be helpful for some people with anxiety disorders.
A 2011 study published in Neuropsychopharmacology found that CBD could reduce symptoms of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Participants who were given CBD before a simulated public speaking test experienced less anxiety and discomfort than those who were given a placebo.
Another study, published in 2019 in The Permanente Journal, looked at the use of CBD for anxiety and sleep. The study involved 72 adults, 57 of whom reported anxiety as their primary concern. Participants were given CBD capsules daily for one month, and the majority reported lower anxiety levels as well as improved sleep quality.
How does CBD work in the body?
CBD interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS), which is a complex network of receptors and neurotransmitters that helps regulate a variety of bodily functions, including mood, appetite, and sleep. The ECS is responsible for maintaining homeostasis, or balance, in the body.
CBD interacts with two specific receptors in the ECS: CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are primarily found in the brain and central nervous system, while CB2 receptors are found in the peripheral nervous system and immune system. CBD doesn’t bind directly to these receptors like THC does, but it can influence their activity and help modulate the body’s response to anxiety and stress.
Is CBD safe and legal?
CBD is generally considered safe, although it can cause side effects like fatigue, dry mouth, and changes in appetite. It’s also important to note that CBD can interact with certain medications, so it’s always a good idea to talk to a healthcare professional before trying CBD.
Accessing safe and standardized CBD products in Canada involves understanding how to read and interpret a cannabis product label. The standardized cannabis symbol, product brand name, and THC content are essential elements to look for on the package. In Canada, CBD can only be purchased through a licensed retailer, and the Cannabis Act provides a legal framework for controlling the production, distribution, sale, and possession of cannabis. If you’re interested in trying a CBD product, it’s recommended to seek one through a dispensary, an establishment legally licensed to sell cannabis products
In the United States, CBD is legal at the federal level as long as it meets certain criteria. The CBD must be derived from industrial hemp, which is defined as cannabis with less than 0.3% THC by weight. Additionally, states may have their own laws regarding the sale and use of CBD products, so it’s important to research the laws in your area.
Conclusion:
CBD has emerged as a potential alternative or complementary treatment option for anxiety, but more research is needed to fully understand its effects. If you’re interested in trying CBD for anxiety, talk to an experienced healthcare professional like myself, in order to ensure it’s safe for you and won’t interact with any medications you’re currently taking. Remember that CBD is only one tool in a larger arsenal of treatment options for anxiety, and that a holistic approach is often the most effective. By taking care of your body and mind and seeking professional help when necessary, you can manage your anxiety and live a fulfilling life.
For more information on CBD check out these articles:
Mouth breathing can seem like a small issue, but it can actually lead to a range of problems, from bad breath and difficulty sleeping to developmental issues in children. If you notice that your child is constantly breathing through their mouth, it’s important to take action. Here are 5 ways to combat mouth breathing in kids and ensure that your child is breathing properly.
1. Identify the Root Cause
The first step to combating mouth breathing is determining the root cause. Some common causes include allergies, enlarged tonsils or adenoids, or a deviated septum. Once you identify the cause, you can work with your child’s pediatrician to formulate a treatment plan. Treatment may involve medication, surgery or lifestyle changes like avoiding certain foods or environmental allergens.
Chronic nasal congestion may be a cause of mouth breathing in children. If structural and allergic causes have been ruled out, it may be a good idea to test for food sensitivities. Food sensitivities develop as a result of a slightly different immune response than allergies. A naturopathic doctor or functional medicine doctor can requisition a blood test that will identify any food sensitivities in your child. Sensitivities will often resolve after 3-months of abstinence at which time these foods may be re-introduced into the diet.
2. Practicing Breathing Exercises
Teaching kids proper breathing techniques can help them switch from mouth breathing to breathing through their nose. Encourage them to take long, deep breaths through their nose and exhale slowly through their mouth. You can also make it into a fun game by challenging them to see how long they can hold a deep breath in their nose or how long they can exhale.
A fantastic resource for nasal breathing exercises as well as some of the scientific literature around mouth breathing vs. nasal breathing can be found through the Buteyko Clinic
3. Promote Good Sleep Hygiene
Many kids breathe through their mouth while sleeping, so it’s crucial to establish good sleep hygiene to prevent mouth breathing before it starts. Make sure your child is sleeping on their back or side, as sleeping on the stomach can encourage mouth breathing. You may also consider using a humidifier, which can help to keep sinuses moisturized and reduce inflammation.
Here is a checklist for establishing good sleep hygiene in kids:
✅ Establish a consistent bedtime routine and consistent wake-up time every day.
✅ Avoid caffeinated drinks, large meals, and vigorous exercise late in the day.
✅ Create a calm, relaxing atmosphere in the bedroom by dimming lights and avoiding screens.
✅ Avoid napping during the day. If naps are necessary, keep them short (15-30 minutes) and at the same time each day.
✅ Keep bedroom temperature comfortable. A cool but not cold room of around 65 degrees is ideal for sleep.
✅ Make sure your child’s mattress is comfortable and supportive to ensure quality rest.
✅ Exercise regularly, although not too close to bedtime as this can make it harder to fall asleep quickly.
✅ Encourage your child to find activities that help them relax before bedtime such as reading or taking a warm bath or shower in preparation for sleep
4. Maintain Proper Oral Hygiene
Mouth breathing can cause dry mouth, which can lead to a range of oral health problems. Encourage your child to brush their teeth twice daily and to floss regularly to remove any debris that may have accumulated between their teeth. Also, make sure they stay hydrated so that their mouth stays moist and saliva can flow normally.
5. Be a Positive Role Model
Lastly, it’s important to lead by example. Kids are extremely observant, so if they see their parents breathing through their mouth, it can become normalized. Pay attention to your own breathing habits and make sure you practice good nasal breathing techniques in front of your kids. You can even lead by example by doing breathing exercises or attending yoga classes together.
Conclusion:
Mouth breathing may seem like a small issue, but it can lead to a range of problems for kids. By taking action early and addressing the root cause, you can help your child learn better breathing techniques and combat mouth breathing. Encouraging proper nasal breathing techniques, practicing good sleep hygiene, promoting oral health, and being a positive role model are all excellent strategies for combatting mouth breathing in children. If you’re worried about your child’s breathing habits, talk to their naturopath or pediatrician to determine the best course of action.
When it comes to treating constipation in children, parents often feel overwhelmed and may not know where to start. Constipation can be a serious health concern for kids if left untreated, so the good news is that there are a number of natural approaches that can help bring relief. With some dietary changes, supplementation, and lifestyle adjustments, you can create a custom treatment plan designed specifically for your child’s needs. In this blog post we will discuss these different methods so that you have all the information you need when considering what type of approach might work best for your little one!
Overview of Constipation in Kids
Constipation in kids can be a very concerning issue. It can cause discomfort and irritation, as well as interfere with appetite, sleep, and overall health. Constipation can be caused by inadequate diets, lack of exercise, anxiety, and other factors. Parents should ensure their children maintain a balanced diet that includes fiber-rich foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains. Increasing physical activity is also important for keeping the digestive system healthy. Regular exercise also helps alleviate stress and consequently reduce constipation-causing anxiety among children. Additionally, parents should make sure kids have enough rest to keep their bodies relaxed thus preventing constipation from developing in the first place. If dietary changes and lifestyle adjustments do not improve constipation symptoms then supplementation may be necessary in order to restore regular bowel movements again.
Causes of Constipation in Children
Constipation in children is a common complaint but, fortunately, there are many natural and effective approaches to treating it. Diet is often the primary culprit behind constipation in kids; foods high in fats, processed carbohydrates and protein can slow digestion, while regular exercise and an increase of fibre has been proven to stimulate proper elimination. In addition, food sensitivities and levels of anxiety should not be ignored: both can have a significant effect on digestive health. By addressing diet and other potential lifestyle factors with these helpful tips, children suffering from constipation will eventually experience relief and have their digestive systems back up to speed.
Dietary Changes to Help Treat Constipation in Kids
Eating the right foods and drinks is a natural, effective way of relieving constipation in kids. Soluble fibre helps to soften stool by absorbing water and keeping it in the gut longer. Oatmeal, legumes, berries, chia, nuts and seeds are all sources of soluble fibre. Insoluble fibre adds bulk to stools and increases the frequency at which they can pass through your child’s gut. Foods rich in insoluble fibres include wholegrain cereals, wheat bran, vegetables and fruit skins. Alongside fibre-rich foods, be sure that your child is staying hydrated with plenty of water throughout the day. Two liters of fluids in the first 10 hours of the day is recommended. Lastly, adding prebiotic fibres such as onions, garlic, green bananas, apples or asparagus to their meals can also help them treat their constipation naturally by encouraging healthy bacteria growth in the gut.
Natural Remedies for Constipation in Children
Constipation in children can be distressing and uncomfortable. Fortunately, there are a range of natural remedies that can help alleviate the problem, such as massage, dietary changes and supplementation, acupuncture, and herbal remedies. Massage on the abdomen can help to relieve constipation by providing gentle stimulation of digestive organs. Dietary changes should include increased intake of fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables and whole grains to prevent future bouts of constipation in your child. Supplementation with probiotics may also be beneficial in re-establishing healthy bacterial balance and restoring regularity within the gut flora. Acupuncture has been used for centuries for its restorative qualities and treating various aches, pains and bodily ailments including constipation. Herbal remedies are also available such as chamomile tea or lemon balm to help promote digestion.
Supplements for Constipation Relief in Kids
For constipation relief in children, natural supplementation may be an effective approach. Magnesium citrate is one of the most commonly used supplements to support regular and healthy elimination in kids. Butyrate, sunfibre, FOS and acacia are also helpful for improving stool consistency. Psyllium husk is a great source of soluble fibre which helps keep things moving along smoothly. Probiotics like Lactobacillus reuteri or Bifidobacterium infantis are beneficial in keeping beneficial bacteria levels balanced in the intestines. These methods may offer gentle but potent relief for constipation sufferers without harsh side effects associated with over-the-counter medications.
When to See a Doctor for Treatment of Constipation in Children
While constipation in kids is often treated with natural approaches, at times parents should seek medical attention. If your child has a bloody stool, complains of pain, or has not had a bowel movement in 4 days, it’s time to make an appointment for your child to see a doctor. Mucus and streaks in the stool can also be signs of more serious underlying issues that require professional care. Additionally, if you observe any hemorrhoids near the anus, then it is recommended that you take your child to the doctor right away.
Constipation can be a difficult issue for kids to deal with, causing discomfort and pain. Thankfully, there are many potential treatments that can help, such as dietary changes and natural processes like supplementation. If you have a child struggling with constipation, it’s important to keep track of their diet, identify any potential issues in their environment or recent lifestyle changes that might trigger the problem, and look into different supplements that may provide relief. However, if all else fails and you still can’t find an effective solution to the problem, it’s best to seek medical advice from your doctor. I hope that this blog post gave you more insight into the causes and treatments of constipation in children so that you’ll know what to do should your own little one start having issues. For more information or to book an appointment regarding constipation relief in kids, please contact me– I’m always here to help!
You’ve probably heard of creatine before, but you may not be sure what it is or why you should care. Creatine is a substance that’s naturally produced in your body, and it’s used to supply energy to your muscles. It can also be found in foods like red meat and fish. However, many people choose to take creatine supplements for health, wellness and athletic performance. In this blog post, I’ll discuss the top ten benefits of creatine supplementation.
1. Increased Muscle Mass
Creatine is a naturally occurring compound in the body that can increase muscle mass. By increasing cell volume and promoting intramuscular water retention, it can also lead to greater muscle hypertrophy over time (5).
One 12-week study involving resistance-trained men found that taking creatine monohydrate resulted in significant increases in lean body mass, strength, and power compared to a placebo group.
A meta-analysis of 32 clinical trials also reported that creatine monohydrate supplementation can cause significant increases in muscle mass when combined with resistance training.
2. Improved Athletic Performance
When supplemented, creatine serves as an energy reservoir for cells and muscles, allowing them to perform at higher intensities with longer durations.
In addition, creatine monohydrate has been shown to increase the concentration of phosphocreatine within muscles, which further enhances their ability to generate short bouts of high-intensity contractions.
Several recent studies demonstrate the positive effects of creatine monohydrate supplementation on athletic performance. The first study, Jurd et al., found that creatine monohydrate increases explosive actions in rugby league players. Participants received either 0.3 g/kg of creatine monohydrate or placebo daily for 28 days.
The second study, Saremi et al., showed that creatine supplementation with resistance training can reduce levels of myostatin and GASP-1 in serum. Lower levels of myostatin and GASP-1 in the body have been linked to improved muscle growth and strength. Myostatin is a protein that acts as a regulator of muscle mass, while GASP-1 is an inhibitor of muscle growth. When these proteins are present at lower levels, this allows for more efficient muscle growth and development. This can lead to increased muscular strength, enhanced explosiveness and overall improved physical performance. The participants took 5 g/day of creatine monohydrate.
Finally, Volek et al. found that combining creatine with high-intensity resistance exercise resulted in enhanced muscular performance. In this study the participants were given 0.3 g/kg of creatine monohydrate over a 5-day period.
Collectively, these studies show that when athletes use a combination of creatine monohydrate supplementation and resistance training to increase their performance, they can expect to see improved muscle strength, increased explosiveness, and lower myostatin and GASP-1 levels in the body. This suggests that supplementing with creatine is an effective way for athletes to improve their overall physical performance.
3. Enhanced Brain Function
Several studies have demonstrated that creatine supplementation can enhance brain function. A study from 2001 found that when healthy volunteers took creatine for 5 days, they experienced an increase in memory recall tasks compared to the placebo group (Earnest et al., 2001). Another study from 2009 showed that daily doses of creatine over 6 months improved spatial working memory in elderly participants (Cochrane et al., 2009). Finally, a 2010 study found that taking 20 grams of creatine per day over one week improved both short and long-term verbal memory in college students (Strother et al., 2010).
4. Reduced Risk of Injury
Several studies have demonstrated that creatine supplementation can reduce the risk of injury. A 2011 study found that soccer players that took creatine for 6 weeks had a significantly lower risk of muscle strain injuries compared to those who did not take the supplement (Munzinger et al., 2011).
Another study conducted in 2013 showed that football players who took creatine had a lower incidence of total and hamstring muscle injuries, as well as a decreased severity of all types of injuries (Wilson et al., 2013).
Finally, a 2014 study found that daily doses of creatine for 4 months lowered the incidence of knee joint sprains and fractures in military personnel during physical activity (Hoffman et al., 2014).
5. Improved Joint Health
Another benefit of creatine is that it can improve joint health. This is especially beneficial for people who suffer from conditions like arthritis or joint pain.
Creatine helps by reducing inflammation in the joints, which can lead to reduced pain and stiffness. Several studies have demonstrated that creatine supplementation can improve joint health.
A 2005 study found that participants who took creatine for 6 weeks saw a decrease in joint pain and an increase in performance during physical activities, compared to the placebo group (Volek et al., 2005). Another 2006 study showed that 72 hours of creatine supplementation reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress in joints (Lee et al., 2006). Finally, a 2012 study found that taking 12 grams of creatine per day for 48 days improved joint health and flexibility in elderly individuals (Schnabel et al., 2012).
6. Lower Blood Sugar Levels
Several studies have demonstrated that creatine supplementation can benefit people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A 2009 study found that taking 4.5 grams of creatine per day for 8 weeks improved glycemic control and insulin resistance in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Hochhauser et al., 2009).
Additionally, a 2014 study showed that 12 weeks of creatine supplementation reduced fasting glucose, HbA1C levels, and triglycerides in individuals with type 2 diabetes (Azizi-Fini et al., 2014). Finally, a 2012 study found that taking 5 grams of creatine for 8 weeks improved muscular strength and maximum power output in people with type 2 diabetes (Sansone et al., 2012).
7. Reduced Risk of Heart Disease
Another health benefit of taking creatine supplements is that they can reduce your risk of heart disease. A 2018 study showed that taking 5 grams of creatine per day for 26 weeks improved several markers of cardiovascular health, such as HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure (Mendoza-Santiesteban et al., 2018).
Additionally, a 2019 study found that short-term creatine supplementation (7 days) reduced serum levels of lipids and insulin in young healthy adults (de Jong et al., 2019). Finally, a 2014 study found that taking 8-12 grams of creatine per day for 12 weeks significantly reduced resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension (Kreider et al., 2014).
8. Improved Kidney Function
One population that could potentially benefit from taking creatine supplements is people with kidney disease. Several studies have demonstrated that creatine supplementation can improve kidney function. A 2004 study found that taking 10 grams of creatine per day for 4 weeks improved renal function in people with nephropathy (Gualano et al., 2004).
Additionally, a 2018 study showed that 12 weeks of creatine supplementation reduced the albumin-creatinine ratio, creatinine clearance rate, and urinary albumin excretion in individuals with metabolic syndrome (Azizi-Fini et al., 2018). Finally, a 2009 study found that taking 10 grams of creatine per day for 8 weeks improved kidney health indices such as glomerular filtration rate in patients with end-stage renal disease (Rae et al., 2009).
9. Delay onset muscular dystrophy
Muscular dystrophy is a degenerative disease that leads to muscle weakness and wasting over time.. There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophy, but research has shown that taking creatine supplements can delay the onset of the disease.
A 2009 study showed that taking 10 grams of creatine per day for 8 weeks in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy improved their muscle strength and delayed their disease progression (Birnkrant et al., 2009). Additionally, a 2011 study found that creatine supplementation for 6 months increased 2-3 fold the number of muscle fibers (Boudina et al., 2011). Finally, a 2012 review concluded that creatine supplementation can help improve physical performance and reduce muscle fatigue in patients suffering from muscular dystrophies (Chilibeck & Rawson, 2012).
10. Alzheimer’s Disease & Parkinson’s Disease
Although more research needs to be done in this area, some studies have shown that taking creatine supplements may help improve symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. A 2018 study showed that 10 grams of daily creatine supplementation for 12 weeks reduced the inflammatory molecules associated with Parkinson’s Disease in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial (Ghirlanda et al., 2018).
Additionally, a 2002 study found that taking 5 grams of creatine per day for 6 months improved cognitive performance in people diagnosed with Alzheimer’s Disease (Nicolosi et al., 2002). Finally, a 2012 review concluded that creatine supplementation may be beneficial for managing motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s Disease (Schapira & Lees, 2012).
Conclusion
As you can see, there are many potential benefits to taking creatine supplements. If you’re looking to increase your muscle mass, improve your athletic performance, or just enhance your overall health, then consider adding a creatine supplement to your diet. Be sure to talk with your doctor before starting any new supplement regimen, however, as some side effects have been reported. These include weight gain, bloating, and gastrointestinal distress.
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Kreider RM , Ferreira MP , Wilson M et al . Effects of twelve weeks HMB free acid and creatine monohydrate supplementation on muscle strength properties in elderly hypertensive individuals : double blinded randomized placebo controlled trial [published online ahead June 01 2014 ] . J Strength Cond Res . 2014 ; 28 ( 9 ) : 2641 – 2646
Gualano B, Ugrinowitsch C, dos Santos Costa A, et al. Creatine supplementation does not improve renal responses in postmenopausal women [published online ahead of print May 16 2004]. J Nutr. 2004;134(5):981–985.
Azizi-Fini I, Talebian S, Aslani HN Abbasnezhad A. Creatine supplement beneficially affects markers of nephropathy in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial [published online ahead of print January 09 2014]. J Diabetes Complications 2014;28(2):196–201.
Rae MA, Digney AL and McEwan SR. Oral creatine monohydrate supplementation improves brain performance: a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial [published online ahead of print April 09 2009]. Proc Biol Sci. 2009;276(1665):2061–2067.
Birnkrant DJ, Abresch RT, Cripe L et al. Safety and efficacy of creatine monohydrate in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: results of a placebo‐controlled clinical trial [published online ahead of print April 01 2009]. Muscle Nerve. 2009;39(5):642–648.
Boudina S, Sena S, Gautier S et al. Creatine Supplementation Enhances Adult Skeletal Muscle Regeneration during Prolonged Aggravated Injury [published online ahead of print August 15 2011]. PLoS One. 2011;6(8): e23410.
Chilibeck PD & Rawson ES. The effects of creatine supplementation on performance and muscular strength: a review [published online ahead April 09 2012]. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(4):1241–1254.
Ghirlanda S, Oradei A, Mereu L et al. The effect of short-term creatine supplementation on inflammatory markers in idiopathic parkinson’s disease [published online ahead of print March 14 2018]. J Neuroimmunol. 2018;317:49–55.
Nicolosi A, Nicolia V, Vermiglio F et al. Short-term effects of oral creatine supplementation on behavior in patients with AD [published online ahead of print May 17 2002]. Neurology. 2002;58(12):1781–1783.
Schapira AH & Lees AJ. Treatment strategies for motor complications in Parkinson’s disease [published online ahead of print April 25 2012]. Lancet Neurol 2012;11(5):453–466.
Eating healthy can be expensive. But it doesn’t have to be. With a little bit of planning and creativity, you can eat healthy without breaking the bank. Here are 10 tips to help you do just that!
1. Buy in Bulk
Buying in bulk (like at Costco or Sam’s Club) is a great way to save money on items like nuts, seeds, grains, and dried fruit. These items are often much cheaper when purchased in larger quantities than they would be if purchased from the regular grocery store. Just make sure that you’re only buying what you need so nothing goes to waste!
2. Shop Seasonally
Shopping for foods that are in season is not only more cost effective but it also ensures that your food is fresher and more nutrient dense. Shopping seasonally will also help you discover new fruits and vegetables that you may not have otherwise tried!
3. Grow Your Own Produce
Growing your own produce is a great way to save money while getting some exercise and enjoying the outdoors! Homegrown fruits and vegetables also tend to be much more flavorful than store bought produce so there’s a tasty bonus too!
4. Eat Meatless Meals
Eating vegetarian meals every now and then is an easy way to save money on groceries since meat tends to be one of the most expensive items on your grocery list. There are plenty of delicious plant-based recipes out there so you won’t get bored with your meals either! PlantUniversity.ca is a great site that will send you a meatless recipe once per week for free, check it out!
5. Meal Prep
Meal prepping saves time (and therefore money!) because it eliminates the need for last minute takeout or delivery orders when you don’t feel like cooking after a long day at work. Meal prepping also helps keep portion sizes under control which can help keep your grocery costs down as well!
6. Buy Frozen Fruits & Veggies
Frozen fruits and veggies are typically cheaper than their fresh counterparts but just as nutritious (or even more so!). Not only that but frozen fruits and veggies tend to stay fresh longer than their fresh counterparts so they won’t go bad before you get around to using them either!
7. Look for Deals & Coupons
Always look for deals or coupons when shopping for groceries as this can help lower your overall costs significantly over time. Additionally, many stores offer loyalty programs which allow customers to earn points or discounts on future purchases so make sure to take advantage of those too if possible! Save.ca is a great resource for sales and coupons.
8. Stock Up When Items Are On Sale
Stock up on non-perishable items like canned beans or rice when they go on sale since these types of products typically have long shelf lives and will last awhile before needing to be replaced again (which means more savings!).
9. Don’t Waste Food
Wasting food should always be avoided as it harms the environment in multiple ways and leads to substantial financial losses. When shopping for groceries, taking the time to plan ahead is essential in avoiding unnecessary purchases and minimising food waste. Making lists ensures that nothing gets forgotten or left behind at the store, which can then lead to a decrease in wasted food.
To further preserve food at home, one should consider storing it properly in order to keep it fresh for longer. This could involve using airtight containers for items such as grains, pulses and nuts to prevent them from going stale. Additionally, keeping track of usage-by dates is important when considering what needs to be eaten first; this will enable you to make use of food items before they go off or spoil. Freezing foods that are not likely to get eaten soon can also help extend their shelf life so they can be used later on when needed.
Finally, reducing portion size is also an effective way of preserving food. If you’re cooking too much you can always freeze the excess for another day! Taking all these measures into consideration will ensure that both environmental and financial costs associated with food waste can be minimized; while making sure that your refrigerator (and bank account) remains well-stocked! Halfyourplate.ca has some great tips on storing food.
10. Try New Recipes
Trying new recipes every now and then helps keep mealtime interesting while saving money since trying new recipes sometimes requires less ingredients than sticking with tried-and-true dishes. Who know, you might discover something delicious along the way which could become part of your regular rotation of meals moving forward too!
Conclusion
Eating healthy doesn’t mean spending a fortune; it just takes some planning ahead and looking for creative ways to save money while still enjoying nutritious meals at home with family or friends. By following these 10 tips above, everyone can enjoy eating healthy without breaking the bank!
You want your kids to have a healthy lunch, but you’re not sure what that looks like. You know they need protein, carbs, phytonutrients and fibre, but how much of each? And what are some good sources of each? Here’s a quick rundown of what a healthy lunch for school kids looks like.
Protein
Kid’s need about 5-6 ounces of protein per day. As a parent, it can be difficult to ensure that your child is getting enough protein in their diet. The good news is that there are plenty of great sources of protein available, including lean meats, tofu, beans, lentils, nuts and seeds.
However, one challenge parents may face is finding ways to work around common nut and seed allergies. If your child or a classmate is allergic to nuts or seeds, be sure to check with your naturopath or pediatrician for suggestions on alternate sources of protein. There are plenty of good options available, including lean meats, tofu, beans, lentils and plant-based protein powders.
Carbs
Carbs are the body’s main source of energy. Kids need about 3-5 ounces of carbs per day. Complex carbs are the body’s main source of energy. They are made up of long chains of sugar molecules that the body can slowly break down and use for energy. Simple carbs are made up of short chains of sugar molecules and the body can break them down quickly for energy. Good sources of complex carbs include fruits, vegetables and whole grains. Some examples of complex carbs that kids would enjoy include:
-Oatmeal
-Quinoa
-Brown rice
-Sweet potatoes
-Fruits like apples, bananas and berries
-Vegetables like broccoli, cauliflower and carrots
Phytonutrients
Phytonutrients are important for kids because they help protect against disease and promote good health. Phytonutrients include antioxidants, which are important for helping to protect the body from damage caused by harmful molecules called free radicals. Free radicals can damage cells, leading to diseases such as cancer. Antioxidants help to counteract the effects of free radicals, preventing or slowing down cell damage. Some good sources of phytonutrients for kids include fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices. Some examples of antioxidant rich foods that kids would enjoy include blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, blackberries, cherries, tomatoes, bell peppers, broccoli, kale and spinach. These foods are packed with nutrients that are good for kids’ growing bodies.
Fibre
Fibre is an important part of a healthy diet. It helps the body feel full and can help with weight loss and maintenance. Kids need about 25 grams of fibre per day. Fibre comes in two forms: soluble and insoluble. Soluble fibre dissolves in water and can help lower cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Good sources of soluble fibre include oats, legumes, apples and berries. Insoluble fibre does not dissolve in water and helps with bowel regularity. Good sources of insoluble fibre include whole grains, vegetables and fruits with skins.
Conclusion
A healthy lunch for school kids should include a variety of protein, carbohydrate and fiber-rich foods to ensure that they are getting the nutrients they need to stay energized and focused throughout the day. While nuts and seeds are healthy sources of protein, fat and fiber, there are other healthy alternatives for those whose schools do not allow them. Parents should always consult with their pediatric naturopath, pediatrician or dietician to create a healthy lunch plan that meets their child’s specific needs.
Acupuncture can be a great treatment for fertility in both men and women. Acupuncture is part of many traditional systems of medicine, especially in Asia. When applied at specific locations on the body it has been proven to help regulate immune, cardiovascular, neurological and hormonal systems. Clinically I have seen improvements in energy, wellbeing and sperm quality in men. I have also se
en improvements in menstruation, cyst formation, egg quality and implantation in women. These effects have also been confirmed through many controlled trials.
In my Naturopathic practice I have seen demand for fertility/infertility treatment rise over the past decade. Aside from increases in environmental toxins and hormone disruptors, stress has become a serious epidemic. Chronically elevated levels of stress hormones can disrupt almost every biological system in the human body. It is no surprise that the couples I see struggling with infertility generally have high levels of stress. Furthermore the anxiety applied to fertility struggles compound on top of the already present stress level. Acupuncture has been an extremely effective tool in regulating the stress response in those individuals affected by chronically high levels of physical and emotional stress.
What to expect
At my Naturopathic clinic in North York Toronto, the protocol for men and women struggling with fertility is as follows:
Initial Consultation: A discussion of medical history along with physical examination and testing.
Review of test results along with acupuncture protocol as well as dietary and nutritional interventions.
Acupuncture 30min once per week for 3 cycles/months.
Repeat testing.
I have been privileged to be able to help many couples conceive and reach their fertility goals over the past decade. Acupuncture is an effective, virtually painless and side-effect-free tool to help with fertility/infertility. I would always recommend this type of therapy as a treatment option to explore before undergoing more invasive pharmaceutical approaches.
Ng EH, So WS, Gao J, Wong YY, Ho PC. The role of acupuncture in the management of subfertility. Fertil Steril. 2008;90:1–13
Effects of electroacupuncture on nitric oxide and trace elements in patient of male immune infertility. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2004;24:854–6
Dieterle S, Li C, Greb R, Bartzsch F, Hatzmann W, et al. A prospective randomized placebo-controlled study of the effect of acupuncture in infertile patients with severe oligoasthenozoospermia. Fertil Steril. 2009;92:1340–3
Effects of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicinal for oligozoospermia and/or asthenozoospermia in male infertility (Chinese) China Mod Med. 2009;16:115–6
Siterman S, Eltes F, Wolfson V, Zabludovsky N, Bartoov B. Effect of acupuncture on sperm parameters of males suffering from subfertility related to low sperm quality. Arch Androl. 1997;39:155–61
Siterman S, Eltes F, Wolfson V, Lederman H, Bartoov B. Does acupuncture treatment affect sperm density in males with very low sperm count? A pilot study. Andrologia. 2000;32:31–9
Zheng X, Yu S, Liu L, et al. The Dose-Related Efficacy of Acupuncture on Endometrial Receptivity in Infertile Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Public Health. 2022;10:858587. Published 2022 Apr 28. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.858587
Lim CED, Ng RWC, Cheng NCL, Zhang GS, Chen H. Acupuncture for polycystic ovarian syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;7(7):CD007689. Published 2019 Jul 2. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007689.pub4
Li F, Qi Z, Hua L, Wang X, Ling M, Juan D. The efficacy of acupuncture for the treatment and the fertility improvement in child-bearing period female with Hashimoto Disease: A randomized controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020;99(27):e20909. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000020909
Djaali W, Abdurrohim K, Helianthi DR. Management of Acupuncture as Adjuvant Therapy for In Vitro Fertilization. Med Acupunct. 2019;31(6):361-365. doi:10.1089/acu.2019.1394
As a cannabis educator and naturopathic doctor I naturally get asked several questions about cannabis. Specifically cannabidiol (CBD) and epilepsy. I believe CBD enriched cannabis oil can be an effective and safe first or second line therapy for various forms of epilepsy and this is why.
Back Story on CBD and Epilepsy
Allow me to first tell you a bit about the story behind CBD and epilepsy. The potential of CBD as a therapeutic option in treating epilepsy came to the forefront back in 2013. Renowned CNN medical journalist Dr. Sanjay Gupta did a special report series on cannabis called “Weed”. One of these episodes highlighted a 5 year old girl named Charlotte Figi.
Charlotte, who had been diagnosed with a severe form of epilepsy called Dravet Syndrome, was being treated with a concentrated CBD oil. Dravet syndrome is characterized by prolonged and frequent seizures that typically begin in the first year of life. Without successful treatment, Dravet can lead to severe health concerns including developmental disabilities. After several anti-epileptic drugs failed to control her seizures, Charlottes family had began to research alternative options to help their daughter.
A little known fact is that CBD was actually discovered and researched before the most famous of the cannabinoids, delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Not too long after the discovery of CBD, research into the calming effects of CBD on the neurological system and its potential as an anti-epileptic came to surface.
One such study came from the Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. Published in 1981, the study found that cannabidiol was effective in almost all epileptic patients (secondary generalized epilepsy) at a dose of 200-300mg daily for 4.5 months. There were no psychological or physical symptoms suggestive of psychotropic or toxic effects. (1)
The Figi’s soon came across some of this research and began searching for high CBD strains of cannabis (not easily attainable at the time). They came across the Stanley Brothers in Colorado who had bred a high CBD low THC strain of marijuana known as “Hippie’s Disappointment”. The name suggesting its low THC content and little to no psychotropic effects.
Charlottes parents and physician said that she experienced a reduction of her epileptic seizures after her first dose of CBD oil! The strain was then renamed “Charlotte’s Web” and thus began a flurry of interest into cannibidiol and changing of marijuana laws across America.
More recently there have been several high quality clinical trials, including three phase 3 clinical trials in 2017. These trials demonstrated the efficacy of cannabidiol in reducing convulsive seizure activity; specifically in children with treatment-resistant Dravet syndrome and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. (2)
Dr. Sanjay Gupta M.D. CNN Special Report “Weed”
How CBD works
I will now explain how we think CBD works in convulsive syndromes. In order to do so I must first briefly explain an important biological system that all humans, in fact all creatures with the exception of insects, possess called the Endocannabinoid System (ECS). The ECS regulates many bodily systems to maintain balance. One such job of the ECS is to function as a self-regulating harm reduction system; essentially acting as a breaker system shutting down power when circuits get overloaded.
The ECS is able to do this via chemical messengers in our body called endocannabinoids (Cannabinoids found within our body). The two main endocannabinoids are Anandamide (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG). Endocannabinoids are released at the postsynaptic neuron (the receiving end of a chemical signal). Through retrograde inhibition (a feedback loop) can turn off or quiet a signal. As you can imagine, if there was no off switch things would go haywire very quickly.
Circling back to epilepsy, one of the ways the ECS functions is by maintaining homeostasis in the nervous system. The ECS is involved in the prevention of excess neuronal activity as is the case with a convulsive seizure. So you may now be wondering how CBD fits into this picture.
Our ECS is activated via receptors called cannabinoid receptors. We have many types of these receptors throughout our body. Our endocannabinoids (AEA and 2-AG) as well as phytocannabinoids (cannabinoids from plants such as THC) activate these receptors. Unlike THC, however, CBD does not fit well into our cannabinoid receptors. CBD instead boosts the activity of our endocannabinoids (AEA and 2-AG) by slowing their enzymatic breakdown.
In short, CBD can increase our endocannabinoid tone by inhibiting re-uptake. Much like how an antidepressant boosts serotonin activity by inhibiting re-uptake of serotonin.
There are many other physiological actions of CBD, such as being a potent anti inflammatory and having antidepressant effect. However, for the purposes of understanding how it can work in epilepsy, CBD is thought to act by increasing endocannabinoid tone in the nervous system.
CBD is regarded as a very safe medicinal substance as it doesn’t directly stimulate our receptors, as do many other drugs. Rather, it boosts our own innate endocannabinoid activity.
The Endocannbinoid System
CBD Safety In Epilepsy
CBD is a generally well tolerated medication, and has no known toxicity (we’re not sure if its even possible to overdose from it). There are however some things that are important to point out to patients considering using CBD, especially when it comes to epileptic patients already taking other anti epileptic drugs (AED).
A randomized control trial (RCT) from 2018 in the journal of Neurology aimed to evaluate the safety of CBD in children with Dravet syndrome. The patients were aged 4-10 years and they received a CBD oil at relatively high doses (5, 10 or 20mg/kg/day). That equates to 65mg per day on the lower end and 260mg per day on the higher end for a 30lb child.
Considering the average adult using CBD consumes somewhere between 20-60mg per day, that’s a pretty hefty dose for a child. The results of the study indicated that for the most part CBD had no effect on other AEDs’ (Clobazam, Valproate, Levetiracetam, Topiramate and Stripentol). There was one exception with N-desmethylclobazam in which it increased levels of this drug. This effect is likely due to how CBD can slow down liver metabolism via a specific enzyme called CYP450. (3)
There was also an increase in liver enzymes in 6 patients taking both valproate and CBD. Something that may not be of much clinical significance but should be monitored. Most of my medicated patients with epilepsy are prescribed Keppra (Levetiracetam) as a first line therapy. It’s good to know that even at high doses (260mg/day) CBD is not likely to interact with this medication. Valproate is the second most common AED that I see clinically. In these patients it is recommended to test the liver enzymes every so often.
There were more adverse effects (AE) in those patients taking CBD as compared to placebo. The most common AEs’ being pyrexia, somnolence, decreased appetite, sedation, vomiting, ataxia and abnormal behaviour. In general CBD was well-tolerated. To compare, the most common AEs’ in patients taking Keppra (Levetiracetam) are: headache, increased blood pressure, somnolence, drowsiness, fatigue, anorexia, weakness, nasopharyngitis and cough. Keppra is also one of the more well tolerated AEDs’. In my opinion CBD, at the very least, is very similar to Keppra in safety profile and efficacy and should therefore be considered as a first or second line therapy.
CBD Efficacy in Epilepsy
One of the more recent studies looking into CBD and epilepsy was conducted just down the street from me at the Hospital for Sick Kids (a world renowned children’s hospital in Toronto Canada).
The study was published in the Annals of Clinical Translational Neurology in August of 2018. What was even more exciting is that the study used a CBD enriched cannabis oil from a licensed producer (Tilray) that many of my patients have access to. The CBD oil contained 100mg/ml CBD and 2mg/ml THC. Nineteen children with Dravet syndrome received the CBD oil for the complete 20-week intervention. The average dose was 13.3mg/kg/day (right in line with the dose of previously discussed safety study). The most common AEs’ were: somnolence, anorexia and diarrhea. Liver enzymes increased in patients also taking Valproate (so it looks like the interactions and adverse effects are pretty consistent).
There was a statistically significant improvement in quality of life, reduction in EEG spike activity (correlated with seizure activity), an average motor seizure reduction of 70.6% (motor seizure reduction rate in Keppra is around 37%) with a 50% responder rate of 63% (comparable to Keppra). (4)(5) Click Here for Sick Kids Study
Tilray 2:100 CBD oil
CBD as first line therapy in Epilepsy
At this point you may be wondering why CBD is not generally considered as a first line therapy option for convulsive seizure disorders?
The reality is that the medical system in North America is generally very conservative in accepting new treatments. This is often a good thing (protecting the public from potentially dangerous or useless medications). However, on the flip side it can be a obstacle for getting naturally derived medicines, that we know to be safe and likely effective, to the patients that would benefit from them.
Currently we only have studies using CBD oil or CBD enriched cannabis oil (Containing other cannabinoids like THC) in patients with severe forms of epilepsy, or who have failed to see benefit with several other AEDs’. However, if we take into account all the information we do have on CBD, we can draw some pretty solid conclusions about its safety profile, the potential adverse effects, interactions with other drugs and its efficacy.
Until we see a robust amount of research using CBD as a first line therapy in a wider array of seizure disorders it is not likely to be accepted as a first or second or third choice by many neurologists. As a Naturopathic Doctor and cannabis educator I do see the potential of CBD for epilepsy. I will therefore continue to advocate for CBDs’ consideration as a first or second line therapeutic agent in many of my patients with epilepsy.
Carlini EA, Cunha JM. Hypnotic and antiepileptic effects of cannabidiol. J Clin Pharmacol. 1981;21(S1):417S-427S. doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02622.x
Devinsky O, Patel AD, Thiele EA, et al. Randomized, dose-ranging safety trial of cannabidiol in Dravet syndrome. Neurology. 2018;90(14):e1204-e1211. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000005254
McCoy B, Wang L, Zak M, et al. A prospective open-label trial of a CBD/THC cannabis oil in dravet syndrome. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2018;5(9):1077-1088. Published 2018 Aug 1. doi:10.1002/acn3.621
Abou-Khalil B. Levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2008;4(3):507-523. doi:10.2147/ndt.s2937
